{"id":149,"date":"2018-08-03T17:26:52","date_gmt":"2018-08-03T17:26:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cilane.cluster012.ovh.net\/?page_id=149"},"modified":"2020-09-18T11:36:34","modified_gmt":"2020-09-18T11:36:34","slug":"hongrie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/what-is-cilane\/member-associations\/associations-list\/hongrie\/","title":{"rendered":"Hongrie"},"content":{"rendered":"

This is a short article on the history of the nobility in Hungary. As the english version is a free translation, the hungarian version is given as well. Courtesy of Nora Lehotzky for MTCSE (Magyar Tortenelmi Csaladok Egyesulete).<\/p>\n

English free translation:<\/p>\n

The Hungarian tribes were led by their prince \u00c1rp\u00e1d around 896 to Carpath basin. \u00c1rp\u00e1d himself has established the very first ruling dynasty that has given 4 princes and 23 kings to its nation. The first king St.\u00a0Steven (1000) has coroneted himself with the crown received from the pope Sylvester the II. and has established Christian Hungarian kingdom.<\/p>\n

\u00c1rp\u00e1d dynasty extinct in 1301 and the country has been ruled by the dynasty of Anjou, Jagello, Luxemburg and finally since 1527 till 1918 by Habsburg (Habsburg-Lothringen) family. The kingdom as state form has been overthrown on 1 February 1946.<\/p>\n

Transylvania was an independent principality ruled by 19 independent princes from 1571 till 1690, since than the Hungarian king was the prince of Transylvania.<\/p>\n

The principal Hungarian families as ancestors of one of 103 tribes were landlords and noble based on ancient rules and further on the nobility including certificate of nobility was given by king followed by land ownership transfer \u2013 these are called armalists. The first known armales (noble certificate with coat of arms) was issued in 1430. During 1000 year history of Hungarian kingdom many political and religious leaders were raised from noble families. Many members of noble families died after the battle in Mohacs in 1526 so the \u2018new\u2019 aristocratic titles such as (baron and earl) were introduced by Habsburgs. The first Hungarian duke title was given in 1911. The noble family members from abroad received indigenatus (approval to use the former title in Habsburg monarchy) which has been cancelled in 1848. In the same year the privileges of nobility were cancelled as well.<\/p>\n

The Hungarian nobility following Spanish and Polish was in comparison to civil population the most crowded \u2013 approximately 100,000 members. The most know Hungarian aristocratic families are: Andr\u00e1ssy, Apponyi, Batthy\u00e1ny, Bethlen, Esterh\u00e1zy, Festetics, K\u00e1rolyi, Sz\u00e9ch\u00e9nyi, Teleki and Zichy.<\/p>\n

The act number 1947.IV. has cancelled the usage of all noble titles, coat-of-arms and all signs that would point out the connection to nobility. The communist power nationalised all the property from the noble families, many members have been deported to working camps or jails after made up court hearings and the members of noble families were not allowed to apply for university studies. Therefore approximately 80% of the Hungarian nobility has emigrated after 1947.<\/p>\n

After 1990 regime change the state privatized the former property to the public rather than giving back to the old owners (like in Czech Republic and Romania). The Hungarian nobility has lost its dominant power to lead the nation after the II. World War and its members has become common part of the society.<\/p>\n

Original version in hungarian:<\/p>\n

A Lebedi\u00e1b\u00f3l a beseny\u0151 t\u00e1mad\u00e1s k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben kiszorult magyar t\u00f6rzsek 887 k\u00f6r\u00fcl az Etelk\u00f6zbe (Atelkuzu) menek\u00fcltek, ahonn\u00e9t tov\u00e1bb v\u00e1ndorolva \u00c1rp\u00e1d nagyfejedelm\u00fck vez\u00e9nylet\u00e9vel 896 k\u00f6r\u00fcl a K\u00e1rp\u00e1t-medenc\u00e9ben telepedtek meg. A honfoglal\u00f3 \u00c1rp\u00e1d alapitja meg az els\u0151 magyar uralkod\u00f3h\u00e1zat, az \u00c1rp\u00e1dh\u00e1zat, amely 4 fejedelmet \u00e9s 23 kir\u00e1lyt adott a haz\u00e1nak. Els\u0151 kir\u00e1lya Szent Istv\u00e1n 1000-ben a II. Szilveszter p\u00e1p\u00e1t\u00f3l kapott koron\u00e1val kir\u00e1lly\u00e1 koron\u00e1ztatta mag\u00e1t \u00e9s megalap\u00edtotta a kereszt\u00e9ny Magyarorsz\u00e1got. Az \u00c1rp\u00e1dh\u00e1z 1301-ben kihalt, \u0151ket a vegyesh\u00e1zbeli uralkod\u00f3k (Anjouk, Jagellok, Luxemburgok) k\u00f6vett\u00e9k, majd 1527-t\u0151l 1918-ig a Habsburgok illetve a Habsburg-Lotharingiai H\u00e1z Magyarorsz\u00e1g uralkod\u00f3i. A kir\u00e1lys\u00e1g, mint \u00e1llamforma 1946. febru\u00e1r 1-j\u00e9n sz\u0171nt meg.<\/p>\n

1571-1690 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 erd\u00e9lyi fejedelems\u00e9g, mint a Magyar Kir\u00e1lys\u00e1g r\u00e9sze 19 fejedelmet sz\u00e1ml\u00e1lt, 1691-t\u0151l a magyar kir\u00e1ly viselte az Erd\u00e9ly fejedelme, 1765-1848-ig pedig a nagyfejedelem c\u00edmet. Az erd\u00e9lyi fejedelmek adom\u00e1nyait a magyar kir\u00e1lyok egyetemlegesen elismert\u00e9k \u00e9s meger\u0151s\u00edtett\u00e9k.<\/p>\n

A honfoglal\u00f3 magyarok 103 t\u00f6rzs\u00e9b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 csal\u00e1dok az \u0151si f\u00f6ldfoglal\u00e1s jog\u00e1n valamennyien nemesek, a k\u00e9s\u0151bbiek folyam\u00e1n a nemes\u00edt\u00e9s birtokadom\u00e1nnyal \u00e9s c\u00edmereslev\u00e9l adom\u00e1nyoz\u00e1s\u00e1val t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, ez ut\u00f3bbiak az \u00fan. armalista nemesek. Az els\u0151 c\u00edmereslev\u00e9l 1430-b\u00f3l ismert. A magyar kir\u00e1lys\u00e1g ezer\u00e9ves t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelme sor\u00e1n a nemess\u00e9gb\u0151l ker\u00fcltek ki az orsz\u00e1g vil\u00e1gi \u00e9s egyh\u00e1zi f\u0151m\u00e9lt\u00f3s\u00e1gai, haderej\u00e9nek vezet\u0151i. Nemess\u00e9ge az 1526-os moh\u00e1csi csataveszt\u00e9s k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben nagyr\u00e9szt elpusztult, ezt k\u00f6vet\u0151en honosodtak meg a Habsburg uralkod\u00f3k \u00e1ltal adom\u00e1nyozott f\u0151nemesi rangok (gr\u00f3f \u00e9s b\u00e1r\u00f3), az els\u0151 magyar hercegi rang 1911-ben kelt. A k\u00fclf\u00f6ldr\u0151l betelep\u00fclt nemesek \u00e9s f\u0151nemesek egyr\u00e9sze indigenatust nyert, amely int\u00e9zm\u00e9ny 1848-ban megsz\u00fcnt. Ugyanekkor sz\u0171ntek meg a nemess\u00e9g privil\u00e9giumai is. A magyar nemess\u00e9g a lakoss\u00e1g ar\u00e1ny\u00e1hoz k\u00e9pest a spanyol \u00e9s a lengyel nemess\u00e9get k\u00f6vet\u0151en a legnagyobb, t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelme folyam\u00e1n kb. 100.000 (egysz\u00e1zezer) nemes csal\u00e1dja volt. A magyar arisztokr\u00e1cia legkiemelked\u0151bb csal\u00e1djai: Andr\u00e1ssy, Apponyi, Batthy\u00e1ny, Bethlen, Esterh\u00e1zy, Festetics, K\u00e1rolyi, Sz\u00e9ch\u00e9nyi, Teleki \u00e9s Zichy.<\/p>\n

Az 1947. IV. t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny megtiltotta a nemesi rangok, cimerek \u00e9s megsz\u00f3l\u00edt\u00e1sok haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t, a kommunista hatalom a f\u0151nemess\u00e9g tagjait vagyon\u00e1t\u00f3l megfosztotta, b\u00f6rt\u00f6nbe, munkat\u00e1borokba hurcolta, fels\u0151bbfoku tanulm\u00e1nyait diszkrimin\u00e1ci\u00f3s int\u00e9zked\u00e9seivel megakad\u00e1lyozta, az arisztokr\u00e1cia n\u00e9gy\u00f6t\u00f6d\u00e9t emigr\u00e1ci\u00f3ba k\u00e9nyszer\u00edtette. Az 1990-es k\u00e1rp\u00f3tl\u00e1s csup\u00e1n egy jelk\u00e9pes gesztus volt, mert Magyarorsz\u00e1gon m\u00e1s \u00e1llamokkal ellent\u00e9tben (Csehorsz\u00e1g, Rom\u00e1nia) privatiz\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s nem reprivatiz\u00e1ci\u00f3 t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt.<\/p>\n

A magyar nemess\u00e9g vezet\u0151 szerep\u00e9t a II. Vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fat k\u00f6vet\u0151en elvesztette, tagjai be\u00e9p\u00fcltek Magyarorsz\u00e1g \u00e9s m\u00e1s orsz\u00e1gok t\u00e1rsadalm\u00e1ba.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Summary of criteria for admission for the Magyar T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi Csal\u00e1dok Egyes\u00fclete<\/span>
\n(Association of Hungarian Historical Families)<\/p>\n

\"\"Candidates are asked to provide a grant of nobility and (where available) a certificate of nobility issued by the Ministry of the Interior, details of genealogy and coat of arms, register entries from the Libri regii<\/em> (King\u2019s books, Kir\u00e1lyi k\u00f6nyvek<\/em>) for Hungary and Transylvania, and relevant material from standard published works, e.g. Iv\u00e1n Nagy, Magyarorsz\u00e1g Csal\u00e1dai Czimerekkel<\/em> (Pest, 1857-65), and B. Kempelen, Magyar Nemes Csal\u00e1dok<\/em> (11 volumes, 1911-38). They should also supply their birth, baptismal and marriage certificates, and those of their parents and paternal grandparents and great-grandparents.<\/p>\n

Admission Procedure<\/p>\n

In case of admitting new members to the Association of the Hungarian Historical Families the following examination procedure is applied. In most cases applicants will be recommended by old members. However, some applicants read about existing of the Association on its internet home page. They intend to belong to it. From the applicants we strictly require to present or copy and mail following documents:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Birth certificate<\/li>\n
  2. Certificate of baptism<\/li>\n
  3. Certificate of marriage<\/li>\n
  4. Same certificates from the father, grandfather and great grandfather, if available<\/li>\n
  5. Certificate of Nobility<\/li>\n
  6. Coat of arms (drawing, painting, photo, etc.)<\/li>\n
  7. Family tree<\/li>\n
  8. Certificate of Nobility issued by the Ministry of Interior (not everyone has it)<\/li>\n
  9. Further any documents by which the applicant can without doubt prove his\/her noble origin. E.G. Almanach of Gortha, List of Nagy Iv\u00e1n, B. Kempelen, Royal Books, Siebmacher, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    These documents must be mailed to the president of the Association who then convene the Board and the Committee of Genealogy. Together they examine the documents received and decide if the applicant meets the requirements of the Association. In negative case the assembly rejects the application in form of a letter. In case all documents of the applicant meet the requirements, the assembly decides about the admission. This decision will be accepted by the following general assembly of the Association.<\/p>\n

    Baron\u00a0Lor\u00e1nd Rudolf Riedel
    \nPresident<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    This is a short article on the history of the nobility in Hungary. As the english version is a free…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":1998,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"onecolumn-page.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-149","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=149"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2229,"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149\/revisions\/2229"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1998"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cilane.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}